FishPredation: Difference between revisions
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This diagram shows the factors that affect juvenile feeding behavior. | |||
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Revision as of 20:05, 14 April 2014
Fish Predation
Common Methods
- Stalking
- Chasing
- Ambush
- Habituation
- Angling
Predation Model
- Energy vs. Cost
- Search → Encounter → Strike → Capture
- Factors Affecting Search:
- For Predator: Hunger
- For Prey: Camouflage
- Factors Affecting Encounter
- For Predator: Swimming Speed, water clarity, illumination, schooling, detection mechanisms
- For Prey: morphology, activity level, pigmentation, distribution
- Factors Affecting Strike
- For Predator: alternative prey, location
- For Prey: body size, sensory ability
- Factors Affecting Capture
- For Predator: mouth gape, strike speed, handling
- For Prey: escape capabilities, schooling, shelter seeking behavior[1]
This diagram shows the factors that affect juvenile feeding behavior.
[2]
Other Feeding Factors
- Size is the most important factor in determining predation rates
- ex: There is a decreasing rate of predation with Jellyfish as fish larvae size increases.
- Predation happens at all sizes
- Ex: microscopic organisms to large whales
- Highest rates of predation occur on juvenile fish.
- Predation is most common during life transitions.
- Ex: after fish larvae hatch[3]
- Most are active either during the day or at night, not 24 hours
- Diurnal or nocturnal feeding is normally fixed genetically[4]
Importance of Predation
- Food web
- trophic cascade/ top-down control
- Important Evolutionary Force
Fish Predation is an important evolutionary force because when certain types of fish are targeted by predators they do not have as great of a survival rate. They are either forced to acclimate and as numbers dwindle and the more advantageous fish win out, the fish population will evolve over time. [1] [1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 K.M. Bailey, JT. Duffy Anderson. 2001. Fish Predation and Mortality. Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences (Second Edition). Pages 417-421.
- ↑ A. D. Nunn, L. H. Tewson, and I. G. Cowx. The foraging ecology of larval and juvenile fishes. Hull International Fisheries Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK. Published online: 26 October 2011
- ↑ Hixon, Mark A. 1991. Predation as a Process Structuring Coral Reef Communities.Oregon State University Publishing. http://hixon.science.oregonstate.edu/files/hixon/publications/026%20-%20Hixon%2091%20Sale%20book.pdf
- ↑ Houlihan, Dominic. 2001. Food Intake in Fish. Blackwell Science. Pages 189-209.