LowIncomeCountries: Difference between revisions
From coraldigest
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*There continue to be political barriers to regulations on fishing techniques, catch limit, and illegal fishing. | *There continue to be political barriers to regulations on fishing techniques, catch limit, and illegal fishing. | ||
*Additionally, there is so little area covered by Marine Protected Areas. Less than 4% of oceans are declared as MPAs with 90% of those areas being open to fishing. | *Additionally, there is so little area covered by Marine Protected Areas. Less than 4% of oceans are declared as MPAs with 90% of those areas being open to fishing. | ||
== Success in Reef Management == | == Success in Reef Management == | ||
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== References == | == References == | ||
<refname:NOAA> | |||
Revision as of 09:06, 20 April 2016
Challenges Related to Management in Low Income Countries
Current Reef Management
Low-income countries
Marine Protected Areas and Reserves
- When a portion of coral reef is set aside for protection, there is a doubly positive effect. The particular area recovers and areas surrounding or associated with MPA mirror that recovery.
- Studies show that protecting reefs in such a way not only increases biomass, but also species diversity and fish size, as on Apo Island in the Philippines.
- The no take reserve and sanctuary were established in the 1970’s after destructive fishing methods wreaked havoc on Apo and throughout the Philippines.
- This was so successful that it has been used as a model for research and for demonstration of long-term benefits of such protection.
Foreseable Issues
Economic decline due to misuse
Overfishing and Destructive Fishing Practices in the Philippines
- Many countries have municipal areas solely for local fisherman.
- However, commercial fisheries encroach on the outskirts of these areas because a lack of protection and enforcement.
- Commercial fisheries not only use methods that are damaging to reefs, such as trawling, but also use methods that are more effective at catching large numbers of fish.
- In turn, fisherfolk who depend on fishing for a living must turn to destructive fishing practices.
- They use dynamite and cyanide fishing which can irreversibly decimate coral and fish populations.
- In turn, fisherfolk who depend on fishing for a living must turn to destructive fishing practices.
Barriers to Successful Reef Management
- Despite rampant overfishing to the point of being unprofitable, governments continue to subsidize harmful fishing practices.
- There continue to be political barriers to regulations on fishing techniques, catch limit, and illegal fishing.
- Additionally, there is so little area covered by Marine Protected Areas. Less than 4% of oceans are declared as MPAs with 90% of those areas being open to fishing.
Success in Reef Management
What makes reef management successful?
- An engaged and tight-knit community dedicated to upkeep.
- Dedicated supervision and enforcement by local people.
- A plan for sustainability made by inhabitants of the island that includes education of local populations.
References
<refname:NOAA>