Other Techniques: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 19:33, 22 February 2015

Other Techniques

Filter Feeders
Suspension Feeders: Distinguished from filter feeders because they actively capture food particles from the water with tentacles ^[1]
1. Corals
  - Supplements food derived from Zooxanthellae ^[2]
  - Usually at night^[3]
Planktivores - Eat plankton. Include fishes such as Blue Chromis, Brown Chromis, and Creole Wrasse ^[4]
1. - Physical Properties
    - tend to have small bodies that are streamlined and have forked tails to enhance propulsion ^[5]
    - catching tiny fragile plankton requires small mouth without strongly developed teeth but with jaws capable of rapid and extensive protrusion to snatch the prey^[6]
    - smaller species tend to have monochromatic coloring - makes it harder for predators to see them ^[7]
    - keen eyesight and binocular vision to pick out and catch plankton ^[8]
  - Behavioral Properties
    - One study found that planktivores were most likely to be found on the incurrent side of the reef, where there was an input of zooplankton ^[9]
    - Large species such as Whale Shark or Giant Manta swim through water column with open mouth to catch plankton. Don't need to worry about predators due to size ^[10]
    - Smaller species often found in schools if feeding off reef - subject to more predation ^[11]
    - some species feed off bottom of reef keep belly close to substrate ^[12]
      - Yellowhead Jawfish - inhabit sandy bottoms and near holes - will retreat into holes if threatened ^[13]
      - Fairy Basslets - remain close to reef and keep belly hovering just over substrate^[14]
    - Some species are nocturnal (Cardinalfishes, Squirrelfishes) ^[15]
      - distinguished by large, sensitive eyes^[16]
      - hide under corals during day ^[17]
  - Effects of Planktivores
    - Affect density and composition of zooplankton passing over reef ^[18]
    - have potential to influence the abundance of larval forms leaving a reef or approaching to settle ^[19]
    - may be important source of coral mortality during coral spawning season (Westneat and Resnig 1988)
    - Study at Poor Knights Islands - high biomass of planktivorous fish helped support large population of piscivores ^[20]
    - eat plankton offshore but defecate throughout the day on the reef - fecal material, not zooplankton, actually reaches the reef surface (Hammer et al 1988)
Detritivores

Notes

[1] ttp://www.coralscience.org/main/articles/aquaculture-a-husbandry-4/filter-feeders

[2] ttp://www.coralscience.org/main/articles/aquaculture-a-husbandry-4/filter-feeders

[3] ttp://www.coralscience.org/main/articles/aquaculture-a-husbandry-4/filter-feeders

[4] ttp://www.eoearth.org/view/article/151487/

[5] ttp://nhm.ac.uk/nature-online/life/reptiles-amphibians-fish/reef-life/session2/index.html

[6] ttp://nhm.ac.uk/nature-online/life/reptiles-amphibians-fish/reef-life/session2/index.html

[7] ttp://www.eoearth.org/view/article/151487/

[8] ttp://www.eoearth.org/view/article/151487/

[9] ttp://www.int-res.com/articles/meps/48/m048p103.pdf

[10] ttp://www.eoearth.org/view/article/151487/

[11] ttp://www.eoearth.org/view/article/151487/

[12] ttp://www.eoearth.org/view/article/151487/

[13] ttp://www.eoearth.org/view/article/151487/

[14] ttp://www.eoearth.org/view/article/151487/

[15] ttp://www.eoearth.org/view/article/151487/

[16] ttp://www.eoearth.org/view/article/151487/

[17] ttp://www.eoearth.org/view/article/151487/

[18] ttp://www.int-res.com/articles/meps/48/m048p103.pdf

[19] ttp://www.int-res.com/articles/meps/48/m048p103.pdf

[20] ttp://www.int-res.com/articles/meps/48/m048p103.pdf

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@@ Line 12: / Line 12: @@
 ##**keen eyesight and binocular vision to pick out and catch plankton <ref>http://www.eoearth.org/view/article/151487/</ref>
 ##*Behavioral Properties
+##**One study found that planktivores were most likely to be found on the incurrent side of the reef, where there was an input of zooplankton <ref>http://www.int-res.com/articles/meps/48/m048p103.pdf</ref>
 ##**Large species such as Whale Shark or Giant Manta swim through water column with open mouth to catch plankton. Don't need to worry about predators due to size <ref>http://www.eoearth.org/view/article/151487/</ref>
 ##**Smaller species often found in schools if feeding off reef - subject to more predation <ref>http://www.eoearth.org/view/article/151487/</ref>
@@ Line 20: / Line 21: @@
 ##***distinguished by large, sensitive eyes<ref>http://www.eoearth.org/view/article/151487/</ref>
 ##***hide under corals during day <ref>http://www.eoearth.org/view/article/151487/</ref>
+##*Effects of Planktivores
+##**Affect density and composition of zooplankton passing over reef <ref>http://www.int-res.com/articles/meps/48/m048p103.pdf</ref>
+##** have potential to influence the abundance of larval forms leaving a reef or approaching to settle <ref>http://www.int-res.com/articles/meps/48/m048p103.pdf</ref>
+##**may be important source of coral mortality during coral spawning season (Westneat and Resnig 1988)
+##**Study at Poor Knights Islands - high biomass of planktivorous fish helped support large population of piscivores <ref>http://www.int-res.com/articles/meps/48/m048p103.pdf</ref>
+##**eat plankton offshore but defecate throughout the day on the reef - fecal material, not zooplankton, actually reaches the reef surface (Hammer et al 1988)
 #Detritivores
 ==Notes==
 <references />