WaterPollution
From coraldigest
Water Pollution
Overview
Major sources, major consequences, broad and then focus on problems, then look at policy and possible solutions (real and proposed; including actual cases)
Major Sources of Pollution
Industrial
- chemical release
- urban development
- factory development
Human Waste
- sewage
- litter
Physical/Chemical
- tourism
- sunscreen
- physical damage caused by tourists
- offshore oil production
Environmental Consequences of Pollution in Coral Reef Environments
- loss of biodiversity
- damages to food chains
- loss of habitat
- damage to tourism based economies
Case Study
- Focus on St. John's
Tourism
Waste
Impact
- Fish
- Plants
Looking Forward
Current Regulations in St. John's
Policy/Regulatory Frameworks
Additional Research/Study
Potential Future Complications
- ecology
- evolution of types of pollution
Notes
- "An Overview of Land Based Sources of Marine Pollution." UNEP-Caribbean Environment Programme_Land Based Sources of Marine Pollution. CAR/RCU, 21 Aug. 2001. Web. 24 Feb. 2014. <http://www.cep.unep.org/issues/lbsp.html>.
- "Coral Damage." Right Tourism Campaign Care for the Wild International Coral Damage Comments. N.p., 2012. Web. 24 Feb. 2014. <http://right-tourism.com/issues/marine-activities/coral-damage/>.
- "VIRGIN ISLANDS COASTAL NONPOINT PROGRAM NOAA/EPA DECISIONS ON CONDITIONS OF APPROVAL." NOAA. Feb. 2002. <http://coastalmanagement.noaa.gov/nonpoint/docs/6217vi_fnl.pdf>
- Harder, Ben. "Raw Human Waste Killing Off Coral Reefs?" National Geographic. National Geographic Society, 27 June 2002. Web. 24 Feb. 2014. <http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2002/06/0627_020627_coral.html>.
- "Local Action Strategies." United states Coral Reef Task Force. May 2009. Web. 25 Feb. 2014. <http://www.coralreef.gov/las/>.
- "Ocean and Coastal Management in the U.S. Virgin Islands." NOAA Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management. 19 Feb 2014. Web. 25 Feb 2014. <http://coastalmanagement.noaa.gov/mystate/virgin_islands.html>.
- "Status of and Threat to Coral Reefs." International Coral Reef Initiative. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Feb. 2014. <http://www.icriforum.org/about-coral-reefs/status-and-threat-coral-reefs>.
- Shah, Anup. "Coral Reefs." Global Issues. N.p., 3 Mar. 2013. Web. 23 Feb. 2014. <http://www.globalissues.org/article/173/coral-reefs>.
- Syedali, S.A. "Nonpoint source success stories: Virgin Islands." US Environmental Protection Agency, 6 March 2012. Web. 25 Feb. 2014. <http://water.epa.gov/polwaste/nps/success319/virgin.cfm>.
- "Task Force Members." United States Coral Reef Task Force. June 2011. Web. 25 Feb. 2014. <http://www.coralreef.gov/about/members.html>.
- Than, Ker. "Swimmers' Sunscreen Killing Off Coral." National Geographic. National Geographic Society, 28 Jan. 2008. Web. 24 Feb. 2014. <http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2008/01/080129-sunscreen-coral.html>.
- "The Value of Corals." Coral Reef Systems. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Feb. 2014. <http://coralreefsystems.org/content/value-corals>.
- "U.S. Marine Protected Areas." Web. 25 Feb. 2014. <http://marineprotectedareas.noaa.gov/dataanalysis/mpainventory/mpaviewer/>.
- "Virgin Islands Coastal Zone Management Program." NOAA Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management. Jan 2009. <http://coastalmanagement.noaa.gov/mystate/docs/virginislandscmp2009.pdf>.