WorksCited

Works Cited

This is a comprehensive list of all the works cited on this site. References also appear as footnotes on all pages where appropriate.

Journals

2013

• Burge CA, Mouchka ME, Harvell CD and Roberts S (2013) Immune response of the Caribbean sea fan, Gorgonia ventalina, exposed to an Aplanochytrium parasite as revealed by transcriptome sequencing. Front. Physiol. 4:180. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2013.00180 http://www.frontiersin.org/Invertebrate_Physiology/10.3389/fphys.2013.00180/abstract
• Jasper M. de Goeij, Dick van Oevelen, Mark J. A. Vermeij, Ronald Osinga, Jack J. Middelburg, Anton F. P. M. de Goeij, and Wim Admiraal. Surviving in a Marine Desert: The Sponge Loop Retains Resources Within Coral Reefs. Science 4 October 2013: 342 (6154), 108-110. [DOI:10.1126/science.1241981]

http://www.sciencemag.org/content/342/6154/108.full

• Ruppert JLW, Travers MJ, Smith LL, Fortin M-J, Meekan MG (2013) Caught in the Middle: Combined Impacts of Shark Removal and Coral Loss on the Fish Communities of Coral Reefs. PLoS ONE 8(9): e74648. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0074648 http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0074648
• Stoddart, D.R. “Coral Reefs: the Last Two Million Years.” Geography 58 (1973): 313-23. Web. 21 Feb 2013.

2012

• Catastrophe and the life span of coral reefs, Richard B. Aronson, William F. Precht, Ian G. Macintyre, and Lauren T. Toth, Ecology 2012 93:2, 303-313.
• Dixon, Danielle L., and Mark E. Hay. "Corals Chemically Cue Mutualistic Fishes to Remove Competing Seaweeds." Science 338.6108 (2012): 804-07. Print.
• Marcus, Erin N. "Marine Toxins." Marine Toxins. Ed. James F. Wiley, II. UpToDate, Inc., 17 Dec. 2012. Web. 27 Feb. 2013.
• O’Leary, J.K., Potts, D.C., Braga, J.C., and McClanahan, T.R. 2012. Indirect consequences of fishing: reduction of coralline algae suppresses juvenile coral abundance. Coral Reefs 31: 547-559.
• Patankar V, D'Souza E, Kumaraguru A, Arthur R. Distance-related thresholds and influence of the 2004 tsunami on damage and recovery patterns of coral reefs in the Nicobar Islands. Current Science (00113891) [serial online]. April 25, 2012;102(8):1199-1205. Available from: Academic Search Complete, Ipswich, MA. Accessed February 27, 2013.

2011

• Anticamara, J.A., Watson, B., Gelchu, A., and Pauly, D. 2011. Global fishing effort (1950–2010): Trends, gaps, and implications. Fisheries Research 107(1-3): 131-136.

2010

• Barbour et al. "Mangrove use by the invasive lionfish Pterois volitans." Mar Ecol Prog Ser. Vol. 401: 291-294. 2010
• Fabricius, Katharina E., Glenn De'ath, Marji Lee Puotinen, Terry Done, Timothy F. Cooper, and Scott C Burgess. "Disturbance Gradients on Inshore and Offshore Coral Reefs Caused by a Severe Tropical Cyclone." Diss. N.d. Abstract. Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography. N.p., 2010. Web. 26 Feb. 2013.
• Knittweis, Leyla, and Matthias Wolff. "Live Coral Trade Impacts On The Mushroom Coral Heliofungia Actiniformis In Indonesia: Potential Future Management Approaches." Biological Conservation 143.11 (2010): 2722-2729. Academic Search Complete. Web. 23 Apr. 2013.

2009

• Caras, Tamir, Pasternak, Zohar . Long-term environmental impact of coral mining at the Wakatobi marine park, Indonesia. Ocean & coastal management 52.10 2009: 539-544. Elsevier. 20 Feb. 2013.
• Morris, James A. and John L. Akins. "Feeding ecology of invasive lionfish (Pterois volitans) in the Bahamian archipelago." Environ Biol Fish. Vol. 86: 389:398. 2009

2008

• Albins, Mark A. and Mark A. Hixon. "Invasive Indo-Pacific lionfish Pterois volitans reduce recruitment of Atlantic coral-reef fishes." Mar Ecol Prog Ser. Vol. 367: 233-238. 2008
• Best,Barbara and Bornbusch, Alan. "Global Trade and Consumer Choices: Coral Reefs in Crisis." Coral Reefs in Crisis. N.p., 2008. http://www.aaas.org/international/africa/coralreefs/overview.shtml 26 Feb. 2013.

2007

• Ferrer, Ryan P., and Richard K. Zimmer. "Neuroecology, Chemical Defense, and the Keystone Species Concept." The Biological Bulletin 213.3 (2007): 208-25. Print.
• T. Tyrrell (2007). Calcium Carbonate Cycling in Future Oceans and its Influence on Future Climates. J. Plankton Res. (2008) 30 (2): 141-156. doi: 10.1093/plankt/fbm105

2006

• Cinner, J.E., and McClanahan, T.R. 2006. Socioeconomic factors that lead to overfishing in small-scale coral reef fisheries of Papua New Guinea. Environmental Conservation 33(1): 73-80.
• Daley, Ben, and Peter Griggs. "Mining The Reefs And Cays: Coral, Guano And Rock Phosphate Extraction In The Great Barrier Reef, Australia, 1844-1940." Environment & History (09673407) 12.4 (2006): 395-433. Environment Complete. Web. 20 Feb. 2013.
• S. C. Doney. “The Dangers of Ocean Acidification.” Scientific American. March 2006. pg 62.
• Reshef, L., Koren, O., Loya, Y., Zilber-Rosenberg, I. and Rosenberg, E. (2006), The Coral Probiotic Hypothesis. Environmental Microbiology, 8: 2068–2073. doi: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2006.01148.x
• Stewart, Hannah L., Sally J. Holbrook, Russell J. Schmitt, and Andrew J. Brooks. "Symbiotic Crabs Maintain Coral Health by Clearing Sediments." Coral Reefs 25.4 (2006): 609-15. Print.

2005

• Scheffer, M., Carpenter, S., and de Young, B. 2005. Cascading effects of overfishing marine systems. Trends in Technology & Evolution 20(11): 579-581.
• Valentine, J.F, and Heck, K.L. 2005. Perspective review of the impacts of overfishing on coral reef food web linkages. Coral Reefs 24(2): 209-213

2003

• Guzmán, Héctor M., Carlos Guevara, and Arcadio Castillo. "Natural Disturbances And Mining Of Panamanian Coral Reefs By Indigenous People." Conservation Biology 17.5 (2003): 1396. Academic Search Complete. Web. 20 Feb. 2013.

2003

• Hughes, T.P., A.H. Baird, D.R. Bellwood, M. Card, S.R. Connolly, C. Folke, R. Grosberg, O. Hoegh-Guldberg, J.B.C. Jackson, J. Kleypas, J.M. Lough, P. Marshall, M. Nystrom, S.R. Palumbi, J.M. Pandolfi, B. Rosen, and J. Roughgarden. "Climate Change, Human Impacts, and the Resilience of Coral Reefs." Science 301.5635 (2003): 929-33. Science Magazine. 15 Aug. 2003. Web. 26 Feb. 2013.

2002

• Bruckner, A. (2002). Life-Saving Products from Coral Reefs. Issues in Science and Technology. Spring Ed.
• Kass-Simon, G., and A.A. Scappaticci, Jr. "The Behavioral and Developmental Physiology of Nematocysts." Canadian Journal of Zoology 80.10 (2002): 1772-794. Print.
• Katz, R.W. Sir Gilbert Walker and a Connection between El Nino and Statistics. Statistical Science, 17 (2002), 97-117. http://amath.colorado.edu/courses/4540/2004Spr/walkerss.pdf
• Levin et al. "Community-wide effects of non-indigenous species on temperate rocky reefs." Ecology. Vol. 83: 3182:3193, 2002

2001

• Jackson, J.B.C., Kirby, M.X., Berger, W.H., Bjorndal, K.A., Botsford, L.W., Bourque, B.J., Bradbury, R.H., Cooke, R., Erlandson, J.,Estes, J.A., Hughes, T.P., Kidwell, S., Lange, C.B., Lenihan, H.S., Pandolfi, J.M., Peterson, C.H., Steneck, R.S., Tegner, M.J., and Warner, R.R. 2001. Historical overfishing and the recent collapse of coastal ecosystems. Science 293(5530): 629-638.

1999

• Wilkinson C, Linden O, Cesar H, Hodgson G, Rubens J, Strong AE (1999) Ecological and socioeconomic impacts of 1998 coral mortality in the Indian Ocean: An ENSO impact and a warning of future change? Ambio 28(2): 188-196.

1998

• Bryant, Dirk, Burke, Lauretta, McManus, John, Spalding, Mark, et. al. Reefs at Risk: A Map-Based Indicator of Threats to the World’s Coral Reefs. 1998. World Resources Institute (WRI), International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management (ICLARM), World Conservation Monitoring Centre (WCMC), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). http://pdf.wri.org/reefs.pdf

1997

• Roberts, C.M. 1997. Connectivity and management of Caribbean coral reefs. Science 278(5342): 1454-1457.

1995

• Nicholas K. Dulvy, Damon Stanwell-Smith, William R. T. Darwall and Chris J. Horrill Ambio. Coral Mining at Mafia Island, Tanzania: A Management Dilemma. Vol. 24, No. 6 (Sep., 1995), pp. 358-365. 20 Feb. 2013.

1994

• Clark, S., and AJ Edwards. "Use of Artificial Reef Structures to Rehabilitate Reef Flats Degraded by Coral Mining in the Maldives." Bulletin of Marine Science 55 (1994): 724-44. Articles +. 20 Feb. 2013.
• Harmelin-Vivien, Mireille L. "The Effects of Storms and Cyclones on Coral Reefs: A Review." Journal of Coastal Research (1994): 211-31. JSTOR. Coastal Education & Research Foundation, Inc. Web. 26 Feb. 2013.

1993

• Scoffin, T.P. "The Geological Effects of Hurricanes on Coral Reefs and the Interpretation of Storm Deposits - Springer." Coral Reefs 12.3-4 (1993): 203-21. Springer Link. Springer-Verlag, 01 Nov. 1993. Web. 26 Feb. 2013.

1992

• Dawson Shepherd, Alec R, Warwick, Richard M., Clarke, K. Robert, & Brown, Barbara E. An analysis of fish community responses to coral mining in the Maldives. Environmental biology of fishes 33.4 01 Apr 1992: 367-380. Springer. 20 Feb. 2013.
• Moats, William E. "Fire Coral Envenomation." Wilderness and Environmental Medicine 3.3 (1992): 284-87. Print.

1984

• Glynn PW (1984) Widespread coral mortality and the 1982-83 El Nino warming event. Environmental Conservation 11(2): 133-146.

1981

• Chemical Defense Mechanisms on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia – Gerald J. Bakus. Science. New Series, Vol. 211, No. 4481 (Jan. 30, 1981). pp. 497-499

Books

2012

• Mark McGinley (Lead Author);J. Emmett Duffy (Topic Editor) "Atoll". In: Encyclopedia of Earth. Eds. Cutler J. Cleveland (Washington, D.C.: Environmental Information Coalition, National Council for Science and the Environment). [First published in the Encyclopedia of Earth March 29, 2010; Last revised Date October 2, 2012; Retrieved April 19, 2013
• Young, Ed. "Corals Summon Gardening Gobies to Clean up Toxic Seaweed : Not Exactly Rocket Science." Not Exactly Rocket Science. Kalmbach Publishing Co., 9 Nov. 2012. Web. 7 Mar. 2013.

2011

• Spencer, Tom. “Glacial Control Hypothesis.” Cambridge Coastal Research Unit. University of Cambridge. Springer Reference 2013. Web. 22 Feb 2013.

2010

• Best, Barbara. "International Trade in Coral Reef Animals: Causes, Consequences and Courses of Action." (2010): n. pag. Print.

2009

• H. van Oppen, M. J., & Lough, J. M. (2009). Coral bleaching: Patterns, processes, causes and consequences. (Vol. 205). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Retrieved from http://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-540-69775-6/page/1
• Sumich, James L. An Introduction to the Biology of Marine Life, Seventh Edition. WCB/McGraw Hill. 1999.

2008

• Marion McClary (Topic Editor) "Threats to coral reefs". In: Encyclopedia of Earth. Eds. Cutler J. Cleveland (Washington, D.C.: Environmental Information Coalition, National Council for Science and the Environment). [First published in the Encyclopedia of Earth August 25, 2008; Last revised Date July 14, 2012; Retrieved February 25, 2013 http://www.eoearth.org/article/Threats_to_coral_reefs?topic=49513

2006

• Laura Barsanti, Paolo Gualtieri. "Algae: Anatomy, Biochemistry, and Biotechnology." CRC Pres. Taylor & Francis Group. 2006. Danvers, MA. Print. [cited 2013 April 12]

2002

• Tackett, Denise and Larry. Reef Life: Natural History and Behaviors of Marine Fishes and Invertebrates. Neptune City, NJ: T.F.H Publications, 2002. Print.

2001

• Spalding, Mark D., Ravilious, Corinna, and Green, Edmund P. World Atlas of Coral Reefs. Prepared at the UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Cambridge, UK. 2001. Print.

1999

• Green, E.P. and Shirley, F. 1999. The Global Trade in Corals. World Conservation Monitoring Centre. World Conservation Press,Cambridge UK.
• Ove Hoegh-Guldberg et al. Climate Change Coral Bleaching and the Future of the World's Coral Reefs. University of Sydney. Amsterdam : Greenpeace International, ca. juni 1999. ISBN 90-73361-52-4.

1996

• Williams, Gary C. “The Formation of Coral Reefs.” Coral Reefs. California Academy of Sciences, 1996. http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/izg/CORAL_REEFS4.html 21 Feb 2013.

1993

• Strykowski, Joe and Rena M. Bonem. Palaces Under the Sea. Crystal River, FL: Star Thrower Foundation, 1993. Print.

Web

• http://alertdiver.com
• http://bikiniatoll.com/
• http://breakloose.com.au/ningaloo-reef-and-ningaloo-marine-park.html
• http://college.unc.edu/2013/07/12/lionfish/
• http://coral.org
• http://coralreef.noaa.gov/
• http://coralreefs.wr.usgs.gov
• http://coral-reef-info.com
• http://coralscience.org
• http://coris.noaa.gov/
• http://darwinproject.ac.uk/darwin-coral-reefs
• http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=43105
• http://education.nationalgeographic.com/education/encyclopedia/atoll/?ar_a=1&ar_r=3
• Naseer, Abdulla. "Status of Coral Mining in the Maldives: Impacts and Management Options." Web. Accessed 20 Feb, 2013. http://fao.org/docrep/X5623E/x5623e0o.htm
• http://gbrmpa.gov.au/outlook-for-the-reef/climate-change/what-does-this-mean-for-species/corals/what-is-coral-bleaching
• Garthwatie, Josise. "Reimaging the Coral Trade." The New York Times, December 17, 2012. http://green.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/12/17/finding-a-place-for-coral-farms-in-a-changing-ocean/ (accessed April 7, 2013).
• http://hawaiicoralreefstrategy.com/index.php/local-action-strategies/aquatic-invasive-species
• http://iri.columbia.edu/climate/ENSO/theory/index.html
• http://iucn.org/about/work/programmes/marine/marine_our_work/marine_invasives/seychelles/
• Smith, J.E. 2010. Coral Reef Loss: Determining the Importance of Overfishing and Nutrient Pollution in the Global Decline of Coral Reefs. National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis. Web. http://www.nceas.ucsb.edu/featured/smith
• http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2008/04/photogalleries/coral-pictures/photo2.html
• http://noaanews.noaa.gov/stories2008/20080116_hawaiicoral.html‎
• Bradbury, R. 2012. A World Without Coral Reefs. The New York Times. Web. http://nytimes.com/2012/07/14/opinion/a-world-without-coral-reefs.html?_r=0
• http://ocean.nationalgeographic.com/ocean/critical-issues-overfishing/
• http://oceanservice.noaa.gov
• http://oregonstate.edu/ua/ncs/archives/2013/jul/lionfish-expedition-down-deep-are-where-big-scary-ones-live
• http://platetectonics.com (2010).
• http://reef.edu/au/asp_pages/secc.asp
• http://srh.noaa.gov/sju/?n=enso2010
• http://starfish.ch/reef/reef.html
• http://theterramarproject.org/thedailycatch/new-maps-depict-potential-worldwide-coral-bleaching-by-2056/